Rather than focusing on a particular aspect of natural language processing, I tried to benefit from the big amount of work that has been already done in Computational Linguistics and Computer Science merging different ideas and techniques. We conclude that providing examinees without an explicit goal for reading may inadvertently encourage a ?search for the answer? construction and integration of meaning, which depends on specific situations. explique notamment que, si le texte n’est pas toujours compréhensible lors de la première lecture, c'est que les mots ne renvoient pas à des objets, à des choses, mais à des idées voire à des textes. de la conscience d'avoir observé. During a second session, a pair of G1 group (« dramatization » Group) performs a staged text. In questa dissertazione mi sono concentrato sui vari aspetti legati al secondo problema, cercando di sviluppare una linea metodologica per la progetazione di applicazioni interattive basate sull'uso del linguaggio naturale, come ad esempio, i sistemi di domanda-risposta e i sistemi di dialogo a iniziativa mista. The present author's own response to the poem is discussed, and student responses are classified according to typical operations (i.e., staging, hedging, citing, associating with key words, paraphrasing, normalizing, generalizing). Dall'altra, dei linguaggi e dei paradigmi appropriati dovrebbero assicurare degli ambienti di sviluppo di applicazioni computazionali particolarmente raffinati e potenti. of spatial strategies (Casey 2003). Discours littéraire. I will set up a Language Engineering environment whose goal is to combine software engineering and cognitive aspects (e.g. Poetics 9, 313 -327. (1995) found that mental rotation ability is correlated with ), Psychological approaches to the study of literary LES TEXTES qui uTiLiSEnT LE LangagE PoéTiquE ou mETTEnT En éviDEncE LE choiX DE moTS, D’imagES ET DE SonoriTéS. avec comm. Psychologie Française 1990-V1 2 également montré l'insuffisance des conceptualisations centrées sur l'intervention WMg ` h @&Ѕ: P A #. paper, on the basis of human cognitive process, we propose a multi-level text representation model within background knowledge, called TRMBK. Based on the social action theory of literary systems this paper deals with the question how pre-school- or Kindergarten-children learn to respond to texts.Texts are regarded as text-action-syndroms corresponding to basic conventions, e.g., the fiction- and polyvalence-convention, which actually define the structure of literary systems today.The paper starts with a discussion of conventions organizing social action in general. SPIRO, R.J., (1980), Prior knowledge and story processing : integration, DENHIERE, G., & DESCHENES, A.J. France.) ARISTOTE POETIQUE PDF - Aristote, Poetique. The first framework allows us to represent and reason about the dynamic aspects of objects and events. Formal operations and the issue of generalizability: The analysis of poetry by college students. ed. The article gives a report on the theory and the results of a research project on the cognitive explanation of literary and expository texts. In E. De Corte, J.L. The program, in essence, is a form of parser generator where the class of texts which may be parsed are those descriptions which are set out in a semi-structured way. In recent years, a number of La fuite est l’action de se soustraire à quelque chose de pénible ou de dangereux. A central issue is how to model the various types of interaction among artificial and natural entities at different levels of abstraction. Il problema della robustezza nell'ambito dei sistemi per la gestione del dialogo è affrontato allo stesso tempo dal punto di vista computazionale e cognitivo. Piaget's theory of accommodation and assimilation). The results show that 11-year-olds spent more time on the inconsistent actions than on the consistent actions; in addition, 9-year-olds detected the inconsistency when illustrations were provided. Mots cles : memoire, emotion. Hamburg: Buske. Temps 1 : Compréhension • Les élèves épondent d’ao d … Text memorisation was tested by free recall and sentence verification selection and variation. stream non-literary objects, Poetics, 19, 227-291. Cognitive structures in comprehension and memory and memory of narrative discourse, THORNDYKE, P.W., (1977), Cognitive structures in comprehension and Analogously, a form of reading in which readers expect to be able to impute motives to authors may also be called point-driven; it is a mode that seems especially useful for reading so-called ‘literary’ texts. Production d'écrits et Vocabulaire. Un texte poétique peut être écrit en prose (écriture courante) ou en vers (on passe à la ligne dès qu’on le souhaite) Les vers. Emile Ruelle, Bibliothécaire à la bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève. %PDF-1.4 The results indicate an effect of the staged text on the number of recalled informations and on inferential answers. The cognitive science approach to processing can be applied successfully to the analysis of cognitive functioning; it possesses formal tools which can be used to construct models of this type. SVENSSON, C., (1987), The construction of Poetic meaning. Search Help; List of … studies have investigated the cognitive processes, such as temporary memory functions, involved in the processing of spatial Some, using the Baddeley model of WM (1986), showed the specific involvement of visuo-spatial working memory However, most of them only focus on how to mine semantics from the text itself while the background knowledge, which is very important to text understanding, is not taken into consideration. Poétique. Be the first. Edition de 1922 - 3 - … 2006). All rights reserved. The story-grammar category of events also contributed unique variance but overlapped substantially with the causal factors. Although prediction is viewed as a major driver of meaning congruence, reflected by the N400, we hypothesised that at the beginnings of sentences, memory-based integration is the dominant mechanism for mental model updating. In some significant way the subjects shifted the focus of attention from non-literary (‘common’) strategies to literary ones if and only if they felt free to refer to their past experience with literature and came up to ‘construe’ marks of the usually unintelligible text as signals of a poetical background. Point-driven reading is conceptually distinguishable from story-driven and information-driven types. The metrical structure clearly enhanced aesthetic pleasure experienced in reading the text, while it also heightened readers' ability to recognize the correct phrasings from amongst a group of distractors. Martingale (Ed. We argue that the speaker designs each utterance for specific listeners, and they, in turn, make essential use of this fact in understanding that utterance. An advantage of this conceptualization is that it enables one to generate empirically testable hypotheses about literary reading; we suggest a number of such hypotheses and methods of testing them. Édition révisée, complétée et présentée par Jacques Borel. construction-integration model. La suite des idées- y est souvent peu claire, la phrase est chargée d'incidentes qui semblent rompre- le développement logique, quelquefois même la construction grammaticale paraît impossible à établir. {��ƪZ��^��opi0�����gV��.����P�_����a���7eO�U^'������f�yr#˜�Ge���L�!�/C����20��f�xs�߆.�n�=� �F�����Ar��^u��&f�� �хf�_�C�d-�םŻԕ��ԙU�TQ�b�{[��B��*Ӕ�WY3�'fń��k9��Ua��X#�j���r�`�8)�X��ˑ,f+[e���p �.�*4�z�@v�۫zX����_5�Qu��]��Qȇm�&�q�Q}aC�Iq�>��7�;0�1)��0��\vL���5�Kb6�����"��Z��|+�ۚ� 5ݿ��a)�U�{s�� Whether or not an event was in a causal chain and the number of its causal connections were both found to account for substantial proportions of common and unique variance in all four measures. Texte 1 : Nicolas Boileau, Art Poétique (1674). Il est certains esprits dont les sombres1 pensées Sont d’un nuage épais toujours embarrassées ; Le jour de la raison ne les saurait percer. %�쏢 xxvii-f. ( Collection des University de. Sommaire I Définition II Conseils pour écrire un texte poétique. 595 -611, This paper describes a tool for descriptive text processing which can, after tuition by the user, split entity descriptions into their constituent parts and associate a meaning with each of these parts. par ... by Aristoteles. I. Nous allons parler et de la poétique elle-même et de ses espèces; dire quel est le rôle de chacune d'elles et comment on doit constituer les fables (01) pour que la poésie soit bonne; puis quel est le nombre, quelle est la nature des parties qui la composent: nous traiterons pareillement . To read the full-text of this research, you can request a copy directly from the author. ), 5 0 obj Le poète se donne un pouvoir d'invention, de création verbale : en exploitant toutes les ressources de la langue, il invente un nouveau langage où les mots ont plus de sens et de densité que dans leur usage habituel. Mosaic 21, 139 -147. These results are interpreted to mean that alternative high-level schemata can provide frameworks for assimilating a text, perhaps by providing "slots" for different types of information. Two hypotheses were tested, one bearing on the assumed ‘aesthetic’, the other on the mnemonic effect of metre. Influence des états émotionnels dans les activités de mémorisation, de rappel, d'identification et de production de matériels verbaux, Macrostructures: an interdisciplinary study of global structures in discourse, Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition, An Analysis of Narratives: Identifying Central, Supportive, and Distracting Content, The Role of Culture-Specific Schemata in the Comprehension and Recall of Stories, Poetry and the Ordinary Reader: A Study of Immediate Responses, On the role of conventions in understanding literary texts, Mental models in literary discourse. construction de systèmes de communication améliorés. ;�fv��+�kybG��� ������G�����?�Q��?����V����������Q���]������yd��G��=����x`����b-���?z�냻>����}?8����v���z��W����j{x|���ܿߎ�4����i�m��is�.�vX� |���e�����w��ѷ���F_����> F�ӌv�7��_�=�}��`��؇���v���� ~�m��ܾV��~mnϤ�[��q ���������lpJ�`=�s��Z�å��\�2�5�>�Nl��=�ks����>T��. The results of the pilot study indicate the existence of polyvalent discourse processes, but they also point to the necessity of further research to look for the influence of different literary texts on cognition. The results suggest that memory-based word-to-text integration is the default mechanism in updating a text’s meaning, with word-specific prediction playing a minor role. Oxford, Clarendon Press. Ouvrir la recherche. « THE POETICAL USE OF « CODE SWITCHING » IN A LITERARY TEXT: STUDY OF THE MULTILINGUAL PHENOMENA IN VLADIMIR NABOKOV’S WRITING», in P. Noel and L. Seláf (eds. Examples of each operation are presented. Au début, les textes poétiques avaient un caractère plutôt rituel et communautaire. Texte e"tabli et traduit par J. HARDY. avec comm. … Du point de vue de cette dernière, Pouchkine est le centre. In this, This paper presents an approach to conceptual representation, informed by theories and methods from cognitive psychology. It is argued that for children's following given conventions, i.e. reading process, rather than on building a coherent mental model of text content. J.-C.). 1. Readers without an adequate situational understanding (novices) were found to make quick judgments based on surface and textbase characteristics of the test sentences, while experts in addition utilized their situation model successfully, which required more processing time. Resume On a presente dans cet article des travaux qui mettent en evidence l'influence des etats emotionnels dans les activites de memorisation, de rappel, d'identification et de production de materiels verbaux. XVe Congrès international et quinquennal de l'Association Guillaume Budé, organisé à la Faculté des Lettres, Langues et Sciences … Pour un art poétique Prenez un mot prenez en deux faites les cuir' comme des œufs prenez un petit bout de sens puis un grand morceau d'innocence faites chauffer à petit feu au petit feu de la technique versez la sauce énigmatique saupoudrez de quelques étoiles poivrez et mettez les voiles Virginie Lambadaris, CPC Bruay-la-Buissière. During a first session, two groups of students read a dialogue of Jean Tardieu, then produce a first recall (R1) and answer a first questionnaire (Q1) on the content of the text, and the " creative " inferences. Constituer l’anthologie poétique de la classe (recueil témoignant du vécu poétique de la classe : poèmes d’auteurs et d’enfants) Lecture 1874]Poétique d'Aristote. Participants read narratives that conveyed a character’s goal early in the text, and an action was described later on that was either consistent or inconsistent with the goal. development Study of Symbolic and Non-Symbolic Strategies in Emile Ruelle, Bibliothécaire à la bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève. Mots clés : texte en prose, texte poétique, traitement cognitif du texte, modèles mentaux. Rather, DSA (Description Structure Analyser) dynamically 'learns' the structure of descriptions by interacting with the user, who tells DSA what each part of a typical description means. Verlaine: Œuvres poétiques complètes. Edition/Format: Print book: FrenchView all editions and formats: Rating: based on 1 rating(s) 0 with reviews - Be the first. des milieux sociaux d'appartenance: Implications pour la Cette origine cree un universe oui "les images ne sont pas liees par leur difference, comme dans un autre systeme" mais oui "elles se suivent par leur resemblance, par leur participation a un centre imaginaire commun. Auteur Aristote Pays Royaume de Macédoine Genre Essai Version originale Langue Grec ancien Titre Περὶ ποιητικῆς Date de parution Vers 335 av. HARDY-BROWN, K., (1979), Formal operations and the issue of Using syntactic form and relative location criteria to measure recall accuracy, however, internal response and reaction categories underwent categorical transformations which replicated the prior pattern favoring settings, initiating events, and consequences in recall. William Stadfford's "Travelling through the dark"; Some relations française par Ch. Mi sembra opportuno evidenziare a questo punto, che il contributo maggiore del mio lavoro è dato da una prospettiva olistica nei confronti del problema della comprensione del linguaggio naturale. Piuttosto che concentrarmi su un particolare problema riguardo il trattamento automatico del linguaggio naturale, ho tentato di trarre vantaggio dalla grande mole di risultati in Linguistica Computazionale, cercando di mescolare ed integrare tecniche e idee diverse. Le poème est le texte qu'utilise cet art. ; Also known as the Sæmundar Edda, or the Elder Edda, is a collection of Old Norse poems primarily preserved in the Icelandic mediaeval manuscript Codex Regius.Along with Snorri Sturluson's Prose Edda, the Poetic Edda is the most important extant source on Norse mythology and Germanic heroic legends. Psychological approaches to the study of literary narratives. Kuse 1978) is a rigorous measure of spatial ability that correlates with other spatial and visual abilities, and is also a The study of the comprehension of a poetic text allows a confrontation between the different models which have been given by the specialists. Simultaneously, we also propose a method to automatically establish background knowledge and offer supports for the current text comprehension. defend la these selon laquelle l'hermeneutique post-moderne de G. Vattimo offre une nouvelle interpretation de l'histoire fondee sur la textualite de la litterature moderne et sur les experiences narratives et poetiques de la modernite, dont l'histoire passe par Descartes, Arendt et Heidegger. Two hypotheses are empirically tested and confirmed. Littérature -- Histoire et critique -- Théorie, etc. In this paper, the relative importance of the three paradigms is discussed, viz. J.-C. Les caractéristiques du texte poétique Cours. good marker, Automatic document summarization is a highly interdisciplinary research area related with computer science as well as cognitive psychology. The high MRT group has more VSWM ability in processing spatial descriptions, preserving this ability Panier ; Espace personnel ; A propos ; lien aide contenu Accéder au site de la Bibliothèque nationale de France. in an experimental setting. The goal of cognitive psychology is to construct and validate models of human processing of the complex forms of written/spoken information structured by the syntactic and semantic rules of the language (i.e., However, the interpretative theorics arising from these models cannot be used as models for human processing. Human Advanced Search. « Poétique ») qui Stylistique et poétique françaises. 9, 77-110, TRABASSO, T., & SPERRY, L.L., (1985), Causal Reladness and Psychological Review, 95, 163-182. group listened to spatial and non-spatial texts while performing a spatial (spatial tapping) or verbal (articulatory) concurrent This representational congruence and its effect on information retrieval are tested, The ability to integrate information that is separated within a text, such as connecting a character’s action to a goal stated earlier in the text, is a critical factor in narrative comprehension. Pp. Télécharger en PDF . SHIMRON, J., (1980), Psychological process behind the comprehension In the present study we investigate the relationship between MR ability and WM components in the processing of spatial and 532-551. Towards the integration of linguistic and psychological levels of description, Point-driven understanding: Pragmatic and cognitive dimensions of literary reading, Knowledge Organization and Text Organization, Reconstructive recall of linguistic style, Handbook of discourse analysis / edited by Teun A. En quoi ce recours peut-il nous permettre de considérer l’ensemble du système d’activité, incluant acteurs et artefacts, en vue de mieux les concevoir (Kaptelinin, 2003) ? interdisciplinary framework. between schemata and interpretive context. ARISTOTE 1922 - 1 - Publié par Ernest et Paul Fièvre, Août 2017 - 2 - POÉTIQUE traduction entièrement nouvelle d'après les dernières recensions du texte par Ch. This outline was organized either consistently or inconsistently with the structure of the text. In the second experiment, the speed-accuracy trade-off in sentence verification for two subject groups with different prior knowledge was studied for old verbatim sentences and inferences. The present study examined this possibility by controlling for the semantic content of settings, initiating events, internal responses, consequences, and reactions across versions of the same story. Cognition, The results of the latter group were analogous to those obtained by De Beni et al. BATES, E., & MacWHINNEY, B., (1979), A functionalist approach to the It is further observed that the task of rating sentences for their intensity of affect is independent of the task of choosing the sentences which make up the best summary of the text. Texte e"tabli et traduit par J. HARDY. READ. • écrit un texte en tenant compte des contraintes orthographiques et syntaxiques (compléter, construire un récit de fiction, structurer un texte par sa présentation. Paul Verlaine: Romances sans paroles suivi de … Lancer la recherche. Textes critiques XIVe-XXe siècle. Le groupe témoin (G2) relit le texte. 1 MDL – AP IA 17 Lire, dire, écrire des textes poétiques en classe Travail effectué en partie en utilisant le dossier poésie à l’école proposé par le Ministère de la Jeunesse, de l'Éducation nationale et de la Recherche Direction de l'Enseignement scolaire ainsi que le dossier « initiation poétique à l’école » proposé par Lionel Pausanias (I.E.N). Dans la troisieme partie, on examinera les effets de l'accord entre l'etat emotionnel du sujet et la tonalite emotionnelle de l'information lors de la recuperation de celle-ci. Subjects carried out recall tasks with texts of five different styles (business, biblical, academic, legal, primer). The results suggest that different levels of test-taking performance may depend on different forms of memory representation. A Une _____ : un groupe de vers Ils changent de nom selon le nombre de syllabe qu'ils comportent. Menu. Poétique, avec des extraits de la Politique et des Problèmes. Psychologie Française 1990-V1 Ceci dit, le texte poétique est celui qui recourt à plusieurs figures de style pour transmettre des émotions et des sentiments, tout en respectant les critères de style de l’auteur. Experiment I shows that readers write better summaries of stories for which they have an appropriate schema than for stories for which they lack a schema, and that this effect is related to the overall organization of the story and does not lie at the level of single sentences. Investigates which content is supportive of, or distracting to, the central content. L'ensemble des resultats a ete examine du point de vue de la psychologie cognitive et plus particulierement dans le cadre des mecanismes de traitement de l'information et de la notion de l'encodage specifique. The basis for representing narrative events in memory was investigated in reanalyses of the stories and data of R. C. Omanson (1982b, Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 21, 326–337) and N. L. Stein and C. G. Glenn (1979, In New Directions in Discourse Processing, Hillsdale, NJ, Erlbaum). Using gist criteria, free and probed recall of these five categories was nearly equal, failing to replicate the previous findings. Critical words that were integrable with the prior text produced reduced N400s compared to baseline. (VSWM) in the processing of illustrated (Gyselinck et al. A computer program, OBJECT_IMAGE, is used to measure the reaction times and error rates of subjects on different attributes such as inheritance, message passing, and changing dynamics. ... Nous pouvons conclure que le théâtre à l'école constitue un atout précieux non seulement pour développer la confiance en soi des élèves, leur autonomie et leurs capacités réflexives, mais aussi et d'abord leurs capacités de compréhension, de cocompréhension et d'interprétation des textes, des autres et du monde. BAUDET, S., & DENHIERE, G. (1988) La conduite de récit en fonction